INFLUENCE OF THE EU INSTRUMENTS ON HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCIENCE IN BULGARIA
Abstract
The European instruments have started acting adequately in Bulgaria since 1991, when the country was accepted as a member of a number of initiatives and pre-accession instruments were introduced. At a later stage commenced the action of the principal European instruments: the framework programs (1998) and structural funds (2003).They intervened the research and education area as real tools in the late 1990 and are acting up to now, being either options from new programing period of Structural funds functioning or as initiatives of new generation Framework programs (Horizon 2020 and Erasmus+, etc.)
This article considers the positive effects of these instruments in three directions consecutively: Financially, as a source of additional resources; Science Metrics-wise, as a volume of scientific production, created with their financial support, and evaluation of this production by the world scientific community; Other benefits.
The effect of realizations of this instruments has been explored and achieved results have been analyzed as a fundament for further improvement of their effective absorption and bettering the system of research and education.
References
Borras, S. (2012, February 17). “EU politics in research and innovation from Government to governance,” 2003 Commission recommendation 5-14.
COM (2012). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European economic and social committee and the Committee of the regions: A Reinforced European Research Area Partnership for Excellence and Growth, 392 final.
COMPET174 (2008, May 16). Council Conclusions on the launch of the “Ljubljana Process" - towards full realisation of ERA, 9029/1/08 RECH 161 168.
Toshev, B. (2011). Scientific competence – a personal and institutional evaluation, Criticism and Humanism, 36 (1), 119-134.
Eurada (2014). DG Research & DG Budget reproduced in Eurada.
Arnold, E., Mahieu, B., Stroyan, J., Campbell, D., Carlberg, M., Giaracca, F., Horvath, A., Jávorka, Z., Knee, P., Meijer, I., Sidiqi, S., Wagner, C. (2011). Understanding the Long Term Impact of the Framework Programme, European Policy Evaluation Consortium.
SEC (2010). European Commission Lisbon Strategy evaluation document. Commission Staff Working Document.
EUCO 13/10 (2010, June 17). European Council Conclusions.
Freeman, C. (1995). The National System of Innovation in Historical Perspective, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 19, 5-24.
Inayatullan, S. and Gidley, J. (2000). Forces facing University future In the University in transformation.
The World Bank (2003). Innovative East Asia: The Future of Growth, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 231.
Ahrens, J. (2006). Goverance in process of economic transformation, 2.
Desmond, K. (1990). Foundations of distance education. London: Routledge
Horvat, M., (2013, July 1-4). CESAER, 30th Anniversary of the EU RTD Framework Programme: Achievements and lessons learned, 19th Annual EARMA Conference, Vienna, University of Technology, Five-Year Assessment Report of the EC RTD Framework Programme, Report of the Independent Expert Pannel.
Simeonova-Ganeva, R. And Ganev, K., (2013). Effect of EU Funded Policies: Net Impact Assessment of Investments in Education and Science in Bulgaria.
Bendis, R. and Byler, E. (2009). Creating a national innovation framework.
Jongsma, A. (2002). TEMPUS @ 10 A Decade of University Cooperation, DG Education and culture.
Copyright information
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 - CC BY 3.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
info@iseic.cz, www.iseic.cz, ojs.journals.cz
